This can range from being a religious group, an ideological group, or even a similar ethnicity and race. The idea is that it will be Western cultures against everyone else and there will be a fight to the death. According to Inglehart and Norris, the struggle between civilizations and the West is false due to the high positivity of democracy around the world (66). That said, it's not hard to see why the idea of this clash is happening, as it's such a gradual change and it's hard to defeat an idea. With all the problems within civilizations that are spreading and affecting civilizations, this idea is unlikely to die out. According to Kenny (2015), these major conflicts occur within these groupings and not between them, which eliminates the idea of a clash of civilizations. This idea is so widespread around the world that it would take much longer for it to suddenly die than it did after the Cold War. According to Naim (2015), these terrorist attacks kill many more members of their own civilization than other civilizations. Since there are still victims of other civilizations, this idea will most likely never die
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