Topic > A Defense of Abortion by Judith Jarvis Thomson Summary

“A Defense of Abortion” is a philosophical article by Judith Jarvis Thomson in which the author advocates for abortion, using several analogies to illustrate her points. In a move that distinguishes this article from most others on the same topic, Thomson acknowledges at the beginning of the article that a fetus has a right to life. He then proceeds to argue that, although a fetus has a right to life, that right does not trump a woman's right to her own body. It concludes that abortion is an acceptable choice in a variety of circumstances. In one of his many thought experiments, Thomson uses a story of people seeds to argue that a woman has the right to an abortion after voluntary intercourse. It tells a story of flying people: seeds that can fly in minimally decent people are just that; minimally decent. They do what is required of them as members of society, but do not go beyond that, unlike the Good Samaritans. Thomson argues that no one is required to be a Good Samaritan and that people need only be minimally decent people. In the above-mentioned argument about people's seeds, one would be a Good Samaritan if they let people's seeds remain in their home. However, it would be a kindness, not a necessary one, since the right to one's home trumps the right of the people's seed to remain in their home. They believe that the experience of being alive or conscious is fundamentally better than never having experienced life or consciousness. If a fetus is expected to die within a few hours of birth, it should not be aborted because the experience of taking even a few short breaths is greater than never having that option. I agree that the experience of being alive is precious. I will add, however, that the value is limited. For example, while the awareness of unconscious people is hotly debated, perhaps it is fair to say that people who are in a permanent state of unconsciousness have limited awareness and may not know whether they are alive or dead. A large number of people with an extremely low quality of life are conscious, but are not aware that they are conscious. They may feel emotions, but they may not be aware that they have said them. A person with an extremely low quality of life might gain something slightly from being alive, but if they are not aware that they are gaining anything, the value decreases significantly. If a person with an extremely low quality of life is aware and mentally healthy, but perhaps bedridden and living in severe pain, the value of his or her life decreases significantly to similar levels. If the future of a fetus is so bleak, with no room for improvement, then it is often better for it not to be born. There