Topic > The theories of human nature of Freud and Aristotle

“Psychological - or more strictly speaking, psychoanalytic - investigation shows that the deepest essence of human nature, which is similar in all men and which aims at satisfaction of certain needs... [are] self-preservation, aggression, the need for love, and the impulse to achieve pleasure and avoid pain...” In its simplest form, this quote perfectly explains the theory of Sigmund Freud on human nature. Human beings, according to Freud, are in a constant state of conflict with themselves; trying to satisfy their animalistic instincts, while maintaining a socially appropriate life. Freud called these animalistic tendencies that we have, the id. The Id is essentially our unconscious mind, it is the part of us that has been there since the day we were born and is what drives the needs and desires of our lives. The id simply aims to immediately satisfy our sexual or aggressive urges, without taking into account any further implications. On the other hand, Freud used the term Superego to describe man's conscience and moral sense. It is the job of the superego to keep the id under control by fighting the desire to satisfy impulses with guilt or anxiety. Finally, the Ego is the conscious representation of the constant battle between the Superego and the Id. He must work to satisfy man's instinctive tendencies by taking into account his conscience and doing what is rational and acceptable. Freud argues that these internal processes that are constantly at work in our minds are what shape human beings to do the things they do. Therefore, according to him, the goal of human nature is to satisfy our basic sexual and aggressive desires by adhering to cultural and social standards. “All men by nature desire to know.” (page ...... mid article ......ard for free will; the objections to Aristotle's argument are much fewer. I agree with Aristotle in thinking that man's telos is gain knowledge and that our inherent human nature is to be “happy”. However, I believe that human nature is driven by the desire to find the answer to one question: what is the meaning of life, I believe that through everything we do, it seems that we are learning or not, we are taught more and more about the world and our purpose in it in which we do find an answer is an unattainable goal in the life of a human being, the act of living one's life in a way that is constantly questioning and searching for the meaning of our existence is enough to achieve total happiness.