These early reformers believed that juveniles could be rehabilitated by giving them a moral education. This is how these early reformers became known as the “child saviors.” These Child Savers were simply wealthy, “civic-minded citizens [who] sought to “save” unfortunate children by placing them in foster homes and reform schools” (Hess, 2013 p. 37). The Child Savers' philosophy is that the child was essentially good and should be treated by the State as a young person with a problem. Child saver advocacy also led to the creation of the first juvenile court in Cook County, Illinois, in 1899. The court was established under the British legal doctrine of parens patriae (Child or Adult?). This term or doctrine essentially states that the care of children ultimately rests with the government in the event that, for any reason, the parents are unfit to care for the child's well-being (Parens Patriae). Cycle of