"Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why violent video games should not be banned"? Get an original essayThe cell cycle is the process in which a cell leads to duplication of its DNA and division to produce two daughter cells. It follows a cyclic structure that includes interphase and mitosis. Interphase is made up of three subsets, and is where the cell duplicates its DNA and grows in preparation for mitosis. Mitosis is the process in which a eukaryotic cell divides all its organelles into two, forming two daughter cells. The first interphase is the G1 phase, also known as gap phase one DNA synthesis Mitochondrial respiration provides energy for growth. After the G1 phase the cell passes through the first checkpoint, the G1 checkpoint formally known as the restriction point. At this point, if there is DNA damage or other factors external, it does not happen not to progress to the next phase. Instead of moving on to the next phase, the cell is killed before committing to the cell cycle. The second interphase is the G2 phase, also known as the synthesis phase. In this phase DNA duplication occurs and all chromosomes are replicated. DNA polymerase is used to synthesize DNA molecules that are essential for replication. After synthesis, the cell passes through the S checkpoint. This checkpoint ensures that all the chromosomes and DNA that have been replicated are not damaged, so the cell can move into the third interphase. The final interphase is the G2 phase, further known as gap phase two. During this phase the cell undergoes further growth and prepares for mitosis. Biosynthesis occurs which involves the production of microtubules, necessary for the mitosis phase. After passing through the final interphase, the cell passes through the G2 checkpoint. This point certifies that the replicated DNA is not damaged and that all chromosomes have been replicated. The cell is then suited to go through the mitosis stage. The mitosis stage is composed of three subphases, the prophase stage, the metaphase stage, the anaphase stage and the telophase stage. During prophase, mediated by the condensation complex, chromatin condenses into the structure of chromosomes. This process is called chromatin condensation. The condensed, highly coiled chromosomes then move into metaphase, where they align in the center of the cell and then separate into two daughter cells. The daughter cells then pass through the M checkpoint, at this point it is determined whether the sister chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle microtubules, if they are correctly attached the cell can enter anaphase. The two daughter cells move into the next anaphase. In anaphase all chromatids separate and align with the spindle fibers. Then in telophase the cell membrane is formed, the nucleoli and all the other organelles appear. The two daughter cells are fully formed. There is an additional stage in the cell cycle called the G0 stage. This is known as the resting phase and cells are said to rest in this phase which can be reversible (quiescence) if they receive a signal to divide or irreversible (senescence). The cells are alive and performing their functions but are not preparing to divide. Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a custom essay"