Examines John Henry Newman's changing attitude towards infallibility, between the end of Vatican I in 1870 and Gladstone's attack in 1875. In this essay I aim to analyze Newman's attitude towards infallibility during the period outlined above. I will examine his letters in particular to note the range of correspondents and approaches taken. I will try to see a pattern in relation to his opinions expressed to ordinary inquirers who wrote to him, to national and professional writers seeking information or points of debate, and to family and friends in relation to the doctrine of infallibility. Over the course of this five-year period I will deduce primarily from primary sources his expressed views on infallibility and his developed reasoning and then present the conclusions. First a brief historical background of Victorian Britain will set the scene. Mid-Victorian Britain saw political reform as a major agenda. There was an established order of churches, characterized by denomination but, more significantly, by social class and a defined place in society. The plight of the poor and the devastating effects of industrialization were not at the forefront of the Church's role. These views were being challenged by the increasing secularization of society, by movements established to reform and give more people a say in government, and by the questioning of the importance of the church. The church played a role, for example, in the Christian Social Movement, which was established as much to control and limit reforms as to assist the poor. This was a period of expansion by the Catholic Church, since the re-establishment of the hierarch in 1850. Popular liberal attitudes questioned the loyalty of Catholics to the state and from the 1850s newspapers and periodicals characterized this view as... middle of paper ... ring 1982), pp. 86–88. Rahner, K. 'A Critique of Hans Kung'. Rivista homiletica e pastorale 71, May 1971, pp.10 – 26. Schatz, K. Papal supremacy: from its origins to the present. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1996, pp.151-162. Strange, Roderick. John Henry Newman: A living mind. London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 2008. Sugg, J. ed. A Packet of Letters: a selection of the correspondence of John Henry Newman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983. Tierney, B. Origins of Papal Infallibility 1150 – 1350. (“Studies in the History of Christian Thought”). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1972. Ward, W. William George Ward and the Catholic Revival. London: Longmans Green andCo.1893, p.274. Accessed 9 March 2014: https://archive.org/details/riwilliamgeorgeward.Wolfe, J. Religion in Victorian Britain: Culture and Empire. Manchester: The Open University Press, 1997.