Albert's Little ExperimentWho were the experimenters?The experimenters were John B. Watson and his student and wife Rosalie Rayner. John B. Warner studied first at Furman University, then with the help of his professor, Gordon Moore, transferred to the University of Chicago. He began to develop an interest in the field of comparative psychology and the study of animals. In 1903 he received his doctorate and later became an associate professor of psychology at Johns Hopkins University. In 1913 he came up with the idea of “behaviorism”. Behaviorism explains the ability to predict and control people's actions (Watson, 1999). Rosalie Rayner graduated from Vassar College in 1919 and enrolled at Johns Hopkins University for graduate studies. At Johns Hopkins he became an assistant to John B. Watson and embarked on the now infamous "little Albert" experiments that led to an affair between Watson and Rayner. As a result, Watson was forced to leave the university, Rayner also left, without completing his degree. They then moved to Connecticut and had two children who they raised using behaviorist principles (Smirle, 2013). What was the hypothesis? The hypothesis was that if little Albert could be taught to fear certain things, he would acquire a fear response towards a white rat through classical conditioning after the white rat was paired with a loud noise. Who were the participants? The participant was a little boy who they decided to call "little Albert", or "Albert B". However, recent discoveries have revealed the true identity of the boy, who according to them was called Douglas Merritte. There was a period of preconditioning, almost from birth until the age of nine months when the real tests began. The last observation recorded... halfway through the document... which means it could be distorted. Furthermore, there is no informed consent on any database. The study caused serious distress to the child. It is also known that the child known as Little Albert, Douglas Merritt, was diagnosed with hydrocephalus and Watson is thought to have been aware of this. Whether Warner knew it or not, Albert's temperament and behavior were not within the normal range for his age. The retardation and autism spectrum disorder may have been why Albert responded this way during the experiment. However there is a different theory that his disorder was caused after the study by the freezing temperatures and bright lights, however this is very unlikely (Fridlund, Hall, Williams, 2011) What were the contributions to the science of psychology? Classical conditioning was proven to work, and behaviorism was now a proven theory.
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