The two important psychoanalytic theories of human development are Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development and Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Many researchers use these two main approaches to analyze human development at different stages of life. Since Freud's approach was the foundation of Erikson's psychosocial theory, there are many similarities between them. Even though they both focus on life stages, there are still some differences in the definitions and ideas of life stages. In this article I will focus on Freud and Erikson's ideas on the different stages of human development because these two approaches always meet and mostly overlap. However, there are divergences and transformations between all phases. Sigmund Freud was born in Freiberg, Moravia, in the year 1856. Crain said that Freud was intelligent, so his family fully supported him in continuing his studies (137). Boring points out that in his early years Freud discovered the medical use of cocaine (433). Later, marriage and parenthood gave him satisfaction, so it was understood that he "had grown stronger in upholding his own theory of sexuality and in resisting the odium sexe that was directed against him" as his sexual desires towards male domination and monogamy were conservative and fundamental (Boring 434). In the year 1902, another famous psychologist, Erik Erikson, was born in Frankfurt, Germany, but first and foremost he was not a psychologist. It was known that he did not graduate from high school because he was not interested in high school education (Woolfolk 67). However, meeting Sigmund Freud changed his life and he began to study child psychoanalysis (Woolfolk 67). The most... middle of paper... of ego integrity versus despair. Over time they lose their jobs, physical strength, spouses, and friends (Crain 171). The mission for this stage is to bring together all the experiences they have and accept death (Gross 63). They would enjoy life more if they did, rather than fearing death every day. In short, both approaches showed different stages and their own missions in the life cycle of human development. Freud's approach is based more on sexual behavior and the characteristics we are born with, while Erikson's theory is based on what we are raised and taught to be. Both help us understand the basic idea of identity formation. However, there is a weakness of the theory, there are no standardized conditions that can demonstrate whether people have been successful at a particular stage, it really depends on personal levels of self-understanding.
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