“ His theory can be called hedonistic act utilitarianism: hedonistic because it sees pleasure and pain as the only things with non-derivative value: act utilitarianism because, in answering our question about what makes acts right, he applies the utility test directly to actions” (p. 450). This means that he believes in a precise calculation of the utility of every possible action in a given situation. These two sovereign masters determine what we should do and what we shall do. Act as a standard of right, wrong, and cause-and-effect. The main concept to follow is Bentham's utility principle." By the principle of utility is meant the principle which approves or disapproves of any action, according to the tendency which it appears to have to increase or decrease the happiness of the party whose interest is in question: or, which is the same thing in other words? , to promote or oppose that happiness. “(pg.458) Bentham refers to utility as the property of any object if it tends to produce: benefit, advantage, pleasure, goodness and happiness. To prevent the happiness of evil we must see who is the party whose interest is at stake. This theory is an axiomatic theory, it cannot be proven true. Then it creates the seven dimensions of pleasure and pain. This will determine how to increase pleasure or decrease pain to better calculate contributions to happiness that outweigh pain. The first four are seen as circumstances: intensity, duration, certainty/uncertainty and closeness/remoteness. The next two are to be considered properties of the act or event alone, fecundity and purity. The ultimate measurement of pleasure and pain coincides directly with who will be made, will be greater or lesser, the wise grip of the entity. Understanding it better means putting it into practice both in a community and individual context. Bentham gives the meaning of community as a fake body
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