Life as we see it now in the contemporary world has not always been the same. Over the course of evolution the human race has essentially gone from being carnivorous predators that hunt their own prey to survive to entire agricultural systems with well-balanced proportions of products that can be modified into virtually anything at will. This transition from dependence on hunting and gathering to systematic and balanced agricultural patterns, often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution, was one of the greatest turning points in human history, signifying the opening of a new era controlled by humans. the topic of early cultivation has not been treated in depth in the literature. This article aims to analyze this macroevolutionary process leading from hunting to agriculture in southwestern Asia, as it is considered one of the youngest origins of the transition globally (Agouti & Fuller 2013). Since Agouti and Fuller (2013) consider “climate change, resource intensification, sedentary lifestyle, increasing population density and increasing social complexity” as factors that have had an important impact on the emergence of proto-agricultural village life”, these aspects will be analyzed as concepts of the significance of the Neolithic “revolution” for the development of civilization in southwestern Asia (299). Asia has always been at the crossroads of trade routes. It is unlikely that trade thrived in that period, but there was certainly a flow of people seeking new areas for gathering and hunting. The location of Asia played a fundamental role in the spread of the Neolithic "revolution". Regarding the climate, soil and development of the time, this part of the world was a perfect society, in the middle of the 4th millennium BC, in the period Southwest Asia favored the development of community settlements. At that time the first city-states appeared. The first steps towards urban life were made in southwestern Asia in the context of a complex series of social processes often referred to as “the rise of civilization.” The Neolithic revolution arrived in Southwestern Asia and affected it totally due to several geographical factors such as climate, soils and geographical location. Since the revolution significantly affected the most typical sectors of the era of employment and food production - gathering and hunting - transforming them into livestock and agriculture, it also had a serious impact on societies. The revolution marked the beginning of a new era which probably lasts today and is represented by the processes of urbanization and globalization.