chapped or damaged skin or tissue around the nipple, swelling and redness of the mammary glands, hardened mammary tissue, heat and pain in the mammary glands, depressed behavior in the bitch, loss of appetite, odor unpleasant and discharge from the nipple. Some other symptoms include lack of interest in the puppies, the glands may abscess or rupture in very severe cases and the puppies may become lethargic, cry and paw the bitch, while in some cases the bitch may become snappy with the puppies due to pain . Mastitis can be treated with antibiotics, but if symptoms have been present for some time, surgery may be needed to lance or drain the glands. Advice for this condition includes that if the bitch is older, further testing may need to be done as there may be an underlying condition such as cancer of the mammary glands. Since mastitis only affects nursing bitches, the only way to ensure that the bitch does not have future infections is to have her spayed. Some measures to reduce the risk of bacteria entering the mammary glands include cleaning and changing litter box litter regularly, and promptly cleaning and monitoring any wounds that may have been caused by the puppies' claws. Make sure that the bitch's teats are cleaned of any impurities in case she goes out with the litter and that urine does not come into contact with the teats. Eclampsia describes a condition that causes seizures after giving birth. It is caused by low levels of calcium and possibly glucose in the blood. It is characterized by restlessness, shortness of breath, nervousness and collapse. “Eclampsia is usually due to an underactive parathyroid gland, the gland responsible for regulating parathyroid hormone, which in turn regulates the......half of the cycle...of your estrous cycle and must be carefully monitored to avoid failure or quarrels. The female should not be overbred, as this can cause health problems or damage and the offspring will not be able to live up to its full genetic potential. The gene pool should be reduced, which means that it should be ensured that the female is not used for inbreeding. The female should be overall healthy and should not be overweight as this may cause health problems such as diabetes, joint problems, heart problems, reduced fertility, childbirth problems and risks. while performing anesthesia. If the female is underweight, on the other hand, it could put the female's health and life at risk as she may not have enough nutrition to sustain herself, which could lead to infertility. The breeder should ensure that he practices proper breeding. Above all, nutrition is vital and can take stress out of the female.