Technical Challenges of Remote Access SurgeryAbstract: Telesurgery, or remote access surgery, is "the provision of surgical care remotely with direct, real-time visualization of the operating field with the help of telepresence technology and force feedback" [Nair, 1]. This article outlines the potential impact of telesurgery on medicine and analyzes the technical barriers that hinder the pervasive use of this technology. The term "telesurgery" is used to describe surgical procedures performed by a surgeon remotely from the patient via a virtual screen. interface. Still in its experimental phase and limited to minimally invasive surgical procedures, telesurgery promises to one day bridge the physical barriers between surgeons and patients. When time is critical and patients are immobile or located in remote locations, telesurgery has the potential to save lives. However, the technical difficulties, financial costs and legal issues associated with this new technology make telesurgery far from common today. Unlike other forms of telemedicine such as remote medical consultation, telesurgery involves direct, real-time physical contact with a patient's body and therefore requires an unprecedented degree of precision, fidelity and opportunity. This paper identifies and explores the constraints limiting the development of this revolutionary new technology. He says the main challenges to telesurgery arise from its high implementation costs and the technical difficulties associated with recreating a real-time, virtual, tactile operating environment. Telesurgery owes its origins to the atomic energy industry's need in the 1950s to handle hazardous substances and hazardous materials safely... middle of paper... asha. Various aspects of telemedicine. 1997.Dempsey, Lorraine. Virtual reality in surgery. February 20, 2001.Ditlea, Steve. Robocop. An enterprise technology from MIT. November/December 2000. .Hickey, Christopher. Remote medicine: tactile-visual input. February 20, 2001.Kershaw, Charly. Remotely controlled surgery. March 21, 1997. .Nair, Nundu. Telesurgery. 1999. .Pescovitz, David. In the waiting room. 2000. .Proukas, Costantino-Basilico et al. Technology and clinical applications: telemedicine. 1996. .Proukas, Constantine-Basil. Medical robotics. 1996. Stevens, Rick L et al. Petaflops in medicine: workshop on PetaFlops telesurgery. June 26, 1998. .Vanderheyden, L. Telesurgery: Fiction or Reality? Telemedicine dossier, 1997