Topic > Mill and Kant's Efforts to Solve an Ethical Dilemma

It is natural for human beings to adhere to particular moral ideologies and apply them to their daily lives since we all live in societies that have norms and values. For many centuries, philosophers have sought to formulate frameworks upon which to base and measure these moral principles. This article attempts to apply the moral theories of John Stuart Mill and Immanuel Kant solves an ethical dilemma. John Stuart Mill opens his utilitarian postulation by stating that ethical claims cannot be subject to scientific or mathematical provability (West 23). Mill's utilitarianism is the moral viewpoint that views actions as right or wrong in proportion to how they promote happiness or pleasure (Bailey 23). By maximizing utility, Mill implies an increase in happiness (West 57). Mill urges moral actors to consider the quality of the expected pleasure rather than focusing only on the quantity (Nussbaum 64). Mill postulates that there are higher and lower pleasures (Hayry 48). Utilitarianism can, therefore, be seen as a form of social hedonism in which the best action is that which generates the greatest amount of pleasure or happiness for the greatest number of people, including the person performing the action (Moore and Bruder 286). This principle of maximum pleasure is independent of whether the action makes the performer happy or not. In deciding the morality of John's choices using the utilitarian approach, we must first specify the options available to him. He can use the money earned from the sale of the car to support his family of four or donate the money to a veterans association. We must evaluate the consequences of each action and estimate the probability of each of the expected consequences (Wood 54)...... middle of paper ......r, Paul. Cambridge companion to Kant and modern philosophy. Cambridge University Press, 2006. Print.Moore, Brooke, and Kenneth Bruder. Philosophy: The Power of Ideas, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2011. PrintNussbaum, Martha. "Mill between Aristotle and Bentham." Daedalus, 133.2 (2004): 60-68. Print.Reath, Andrews. Agency and autonomy in Kant's moral theory: Selected essays. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. Print.Rescher, Nicholas. Kant and the Scope of Reason: Studies in Kant's Theory of Rational Systematization, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Print.West, Henry. An Introduction to Mill's Utilitarian Ethics, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Print.Wood, Allen. Kantian ethics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Print.Hayry, Matti. Liberal Utilitarianism and Applied Ethics, USA: Routledge, 2013. Print.