Edward de Bono is considered one of the world's leading authorities in the field of creative thinking and the direct teaching of thinking as a skill. A de Bonian thinker states: "There are very intelligent people who are poor thinkers. Intelligent people can use their thinking simply to defend a point of view. The more skilled they are at mounting a convincing defense, the less they see the need to explore confronting that topic, listening to others or generating alternatives This is inadequate thinking” (Wiesendanger, 1991, p. 73). He is the creator of lateral thinking. His other main ideas or developments are The Six Thinking Hats and the Cognitive Research Trust (CoRT). Lateral (parallel) thinking is a system of thinking that considers all possibilities that give rise to innovative thinking, rather than just traditional solutions to the problem. The Oxford English Dictionary defines lateral thinking as "a way of thinking that seeks solutions to intractable problems through unorthodox methods or elements that would normally be ignored by logical thinking." It means thinking differently: thinking not only vertically or logically, but also laterally. It means being willing to propose unusual ideas to arrive at a new thought. Parallel thinking is designed to help an individual solve a problem, understand all aspects of the problem and focuses more on constructive, cooperative and coordinated thinking. De Bono's six thinking hats utilize this lateral thinking technique. All members of a group will focus on a single aspect of a problem at the same time, moving on together to another aspect once discussion of the current one is exhausted. For example, the black hat indicates judgment, the green hat indicates creativity, and the white hat indicates information that is needed or already known. This system is widely used at the corporate level, especially in meetings, but is also used in classrooms. it is best understood in contrast to traditional argumentation or contradictory thinking. By wearing each hat you can effectively analyze the entire situation and separate your ways of thinking and ultimately embrace a more holistic or global perspective and approach to your problem or challenge. This approach is simple but powerful. The last key and highly important concept worth noting is de Bono's CoRT Thinking Program, which has been adopted worldwide in several thousand educational institutions. "CoRT stands for Cognitive Research Trust. It can also be considered an abbreviation for CORTEX, where all thinking takes place in the brain" (de Bono, 1976, p..
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